巴西专利BR112015012765B1 electrically driven aerosol generating device, method of controlling aerosol production in an aeroso

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专利摘要:
METHOD OF CONTROL OF AEROSOL PRODUCTION IN AN AEROSOL GENERATOR DEVICE, ELECTRICALLY ACTIVATED AEROSOL GENERATOR DEVICE, AEROSOL GENERATION SYSTEM, COMPUTER PROGRAM AND STORAGE MEDIA. A method of controlling aerosol production in an aerosol generating device is presented, characterized by: a heater containing at least one heating element configured to heat an aerosol-forming substrate; and a source of energy for the supply of energy to the heating element, containing the steps of: control of the energy supplied to the heating element, so that in a first phase the energy is supplied for the temperature of the heating element to increase from an initial temperature up to a first temperature, in a second phase the energy is supplied so that the temperature of the heating element falls below the first temperature, and in a third phase the energy is supplied so that the temperature of the heating element increases again. Increasing the temperature of the heating element during the final stage of the heating process reduces or prevents the reduction in the aerosol supply over time.
公开号:BR112015012765B1
申请号:R112015012765-7
申请日:2013-12-17
公开日:2021-01-05
发明作者:Arkadiusz Kuczaj
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The present invention relates to an aerosol generating device and method for generating an aerosol by heating an aerosol-forming substrate. In particular, the invention relates to a device and method for generating an aerosol from an aerosol-forming substrate with consistent and desirable properties during a period of continuous or repeated heating of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0002] Aerosol generating devices that operate by heating an aerosol-forming substrate are known in the art and include, for example, heated smoking devices. WO2009 / 118085 describes a heated smoking device in which a substrate is heated to generate an aerosol, while the temperature is controlled in order to remain within a desirable temperature range, in order to prevent combustion of the substrate.
[0003] It is desirable that aerosol generating devices can produce an aerosol consistent over time. This is specifically the case when the aerosol is intended for human consumption, for example, in a heated smoking device. This can be difficult on devices in which an exhaustable substrate is heated continuously or repeatedly over a period, since the properties of the aerosol forming substrate can change considerably with continuous or repeated heating, both in relation to the quantity and distribution of the products. aerosol-forming components remaining on the substrate for substrate temperature. In particular, a user of a continuous or repeated heating device may experience a steady decrease in the taste, taste and feel of the aerosol as the substrate is depleted in the aerosol builder that provides nicotine and, in certain cases, the taste . In this way, a consistent aerosol supply occurs over time, so that the first aerosol delivered is considerably comparable to a final aerosol delivered during operation.
[0004] It is the object of the present disclosure to provide an aerosol generating device and a system that provides an aerosol more consistent with respect to its properties during a period of continuous or repeated heating of an aerosol-forming substrate.
[0005] In a first aspect, the disclosure provides a method of controlling aerosol production in an aerosol generating device characterized by: a heater formed by at least one heating element configured to heat an aerosol-forming substrate; and an energy source for supplying energy to the heating element, responsible for the steps of: controlling the energy supplied to the heating element, so that in a first phase the energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element increase from an initial temperature to a first temperature. In a second phase, energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element decreases to a second temperature below the first temperature. And in a third phase, the energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element increases to a third temperature higher than the second temperature.
[0006] As used here, an "aerosol generating device" is related to a device that interacts with an aerosol-forming substrate in order to generate an aerosol. The aerosol-forming substrate may be part of an aerosol-generating article, for example, part of a smoking article. An aerosol generating device can be a smoking device that interacts with an aerosol-forming substrate of an aerosol generating article in order to generate an aerosol that is directly inhaled into a user's lung through the user's mouth. An aerosol generating device can be a cigarette holder.
[0007] As used in this document, the term "aerosol-forming substrate" refers to a substrate capable of releasing volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. These volatile compounds can be released by heating the aerosol-forming substrate. An aerosol-forming substrate may conveniently be part of an aerosol-generating article or a smoking article.
[0008] As used herein, the terms "aerosol-generating article" and "smoking article" refer to an article containing an aerosol-forming substrate capable of releasing volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. For example, an aerosol-generating article may be a smoking article that generates an aerosol that is directly inhalable in a user's lung through the user's mouth. An aerosol-generating article may be disposable. The term "smoking article" will normally be used going forward. A smoking article can be, or can contain, a tobacco stick.
[0009] Existing aerosol generating devices that generate aerosol through continuous or repeated heating of a substrate are normally controlled to achieve a single constant temperature over a period. However, with heating, the aerosol-forming substrate is depleted, that is, the amount of fundamental aerosol components in the substrate is reduced. This means a reduction in aerosol generation for a given temperature. In addition, as the temperature in the aerosol-forming substrate reaches a stable state, the supply of the aerosol is reduced due to the reduction of the effects of thermal diffusion. As a result, there is a gradual reduction in aerosol delivery, measured in terms of the fundamental aerosol components, such as nicotine in the case of heated smoking devices. Increasing the temperature of the heating element during the final stage of the heating process reduces or prevents the reduction in the supply of aerosol over time.
[00010] In this context, continuous or repeated heating means that the substrate, or a part of the substrate, is heated in order to generate aerosol for a constant period, normally above 5 seconds, but with the possibility of extension for more than 30 seconds . In the context of a heated smoking device, or another device in which a user puffs in order to pull the aerosol out of the device, this means heating the substrate during a period in which the user puffs several times, so that the aerosol is generated continuously, regardless of whether a user is puffing on the device or not. It is in this context that substrate depletion becomes a considerable problem. This is the opposite of rapid heating, in which a separate substrate, or a part of the substrate, is heated with each puff of the user, so that no part of the substrate is heated for more than one puff, the duration of which is one puff. is approximately 2 to 3 seconds.
[00011] As used in this document, the terms "puff" and "inhalation" are compatible and mean the action of a user pulling an aerosol into his body through his mouth or nose. Inhalation includes the situation in which an aerosol is pulled into the user's lungs, and also the situation in which an aerosol is pulled only into the user's mouth or nasal cavity before being expelled from the user's body.
[00012] The first, second and third temperatures are chosen so that the aerosol is generated continuously during the first, second and third phases. The first, second and third temperatures are determined, preferably, based on the temperature range that corresponds to the volatilization temperature of an aerosol former present in the substrate. For example, if glycerin is used as the aerosol former, temperatures between 290 and 320 degrees centigrade, no less (ie temperatures above the boiling point of glycerin) will be used. During the second phase, the heating element can receive energy in order to ensure that the temperature does not fall below the minimum allowed temperature.
[00013] In a first stage, the temperature of the heating element is raised to a first temperature, in which the aerosol is generated from the aerosol-forming substrate. In many devices, and particularly in heated smoking devices, it is desirable to generate the aerosol with the desired components as soon as possible after activation of the device. In order to provide a satisfactory experience of a heated smoking device to the consumer, the “first puff moment” is considered essential. Consumers do not want to have to wait a significant period after activating the device before taking the first puff. For this reason, in the first phase, it is possible to supply energy to the heating element in order to raise it to the first temperature as quickly as possible. The first temperature can be selected within a permitted temperature range, but it can be selected close to a maximum allowed temperature in order to generate a satisfactory amount of aerosol for the initial delivery to the consumer. The delivery of the aerosol can be decreased by condensation within the device during the initial period of operation of the device.
[00014] The permissible temperature range depends on the aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-forming substrate releases some volatile compounds at different temperatures. Some of the volatile compounds released from the aerosol-forming substrate are formed only through the heating process. Each volatile compound will be released above a characteristic release temperature. By controlling the maximum operating temperature in order to keep it below the release temperature of some of the volatile compounds, the release or formation of these components can be prevented. The maximum operating temperature can also be chosen to ensure that combustion of the substrate does not occur under normal operating conditions.
[00015] The permitted temperature range can have a lower limit between approximately 240 and 340 degrees centigrade, and an upper limit between 340 and 400 degrees centigrade, preferably between 340 and 380 degrees centigrade. The first temperature can be between 340 and 400 degrees centigrade. The second temperature can be between 240 and 340 degrees centigrade, and preferably between 270 and 340 degrees centigrade. And the third temperature can be between 340 and 400 degrees centigrade, and preferably between 340 and 380 degrees centigrade. The maximum operating temperature of any of the temperatures, that is, first, second or third, should preferably not exceed a combustion temperature for undesirable compounds present in conventional cigarettes lit at one end, or approximately 380 degrees centigrade.
[00016] The step of controlling the energy supplied to the heating element is carried out in a favorable way in order to keep the temperature of the heating element within the desirable, or permitted, range of temperatures in the second and third phases.
[00017] There are several possibilities for determining when to move from the first to the second phase, and also from the second to the third phase. In one embodiment, the first phase, the second phase and the third phase can have a predetermined duration. In this embodiment, the time after activation of the device is used to determine when the second and third phases start and end. Alternatively, the first phase can be closed as soon as the heating element reaches a first target temperature. In another alternative, the first phase is closed based on a predetermined time after the heating element reaches a first target temperature. In another alternative, the first phase and the second phase can be closed based on the total energy supplied to the heating element after activation. In yet another alternative, the device can be configured to detect user puffs, for example, using a dedicated flow sensor. With this, the first and second phases can be ended after a predetermined number of puffs. It needs to be clear that it is possible to use a combination of these options, which can be applied to the transition between any two phases. It should also be clear that it is possible to have more than three distinct phases of operation of the heating element.
[00018] When the first phase is closed, the second phase begins and the energy for the heating element is controlled in order to reduce the temperature of the heating element to a second temperature below the first temperature, but within the permitted temperature range . This reduction in the temperature of the heating element is desirable, as as the device and the substrate are heated, condensation is reduced and the aerosol supply increases to a certain temperature of the heating element. It may also be desirable to reduce the temperature of the heating element after the first stage, in order to reduce the likelihood of combustion of the substrate. In addition, reducing the temperature of the heating element reduces the amount of energy consumed by the aerosol generating device. Also, the temperature variation of the heating element during the operation of the device allows the introduction of a thermal gradient modulated by time in the substrate.
[00019] In the third phase, the temperature of the heating element is high. As the substrate decreases during the third phase, it may be desirable to increase the temperature continuously. The increase in the temperature of the heating element during the third phase compensates for the reduction in the supply of aerosol caused by the depletion of the substrate and by the reduction of the thermal diffusion. However, the increase in the temperature of the heating element during the third phase can assume any desired profile, and can depend on the geometry of the device and the substrate, the composition of the substrate and the duration of the first and second phases. It is preferable that the temperature of the heating element remains within the permitted range throughout the third phase. In one embodiment, the step of controlling the energy supply to the heating element is carried out with the aim of continuously increasing the temperature of the heating element during the third phase.
[00020] The step of controlling the energy supply to the heating element can be formed by measuring the temperature of the heating element or the temperature next to the heating element in order to provide a measured temperature, comparing the measured temperature with a temperature- target and adjust the energy supplied to the heating element based on the comparison result. Preferably, the target temperature changes with time after activation of the device, in order to provide the first, second and third phases. For example, during the first phase, the target temperature can be a first target temperature, during the second phase, the target temperature can be a second target temperature and during the third phase, the target temperature can be a third target temperature, and the target temperature increases progressively with time. It must be clear that the target temperature can assume any desired time profile, within the limits of the first, second and third phases of the operation.
[00021] The heating element can be a heating element with electrical resistance, and the step of controlling the energy supplied to the heating element can consist of determining the electrical resistance of the heating element and adjusting the electrical current supplied to the heating element depending on the determined electrical resistance. The electrical resistance of the heating element is indicative of its temperature and, therefore, the determined electrical resistance can be compared to the target electrical resistance and the energy supplied can be adjusted accordingly. A closed circuit with a PID controller can be used to bring the determined temperature to a target temperature. In addition, temperature detection mechanisms other than those that detect the electrical resistance of the heating element can be used, such as bimetallic blades, thermocouples or an exclusive thermistor or element with electrical resistance that is electrically separated from the heating element. These alternative temperature detection mechanisms can be used in addition to / instead of determining the temperature by monitoring the electrical resistance of the heating element. For example, a separate temperature detection mechanism can be used in a control mechanism to cut the heating element off when its temperature exceeds the allowable temperature range.
[00022] The method may also contain the step of identifying a characteristic of the aerosol-forming substrate. Then, the energy control step can be adjusted depending on the characteristics identified. For example, it is possible to use different target temperatures for different substrates.
[00023] In a second aspect of the invention, there is an electrically driven aerosol generating device containing: at least one heating element configured to heat an aerosol-forming substrate in order to generate an aerosol; a power source for supplying energy to the heating element; and an electrical circuit to control the energy supply of the energy source for at least one heating element, in which the electrical circuit is arranged in order to: control the energy supplied to the heating element, so that in a first phase the temperature of the heating element increases from an initial temperature to a first temperature, in a second phase, the temperature of the heating element decreases to a temperature below the first temperature, and in a third phase, the temperature of the heating element increases again. Energy is supplied continuously during the first, second and third phases.
[00024] The options for the duration of each phase, and the temperature of the heating element during each phase, are the same as described for the first aspect. The electrical circuit can be configured in such a way that each of the phases, first, second and third, has a fixed duration. The electrical circuit can be configured to control the energy supplied to the heating element in order to continuously increase the temperature of the heating element during the third phase.
[00025] The circuit can be arranged in a way that supplies energy to the heating element as pulses of electric current. The energy supplied to the heating element can be adjusted by adjusting the duty cycle of the electric current. The duty cycle can be adjusted by changing the pulse width, or the pulse frequency, or both. Alternatively, the circuit can be arranged in a way that supplies energy to the heating element as a continuous DC signal.
[00026] The electrical circuit may contain a temperature measuring means configured to measure a temperature of the heating element or a temperature close to the heating element, in order to provide a measured temperature, and can be configured to perform a temperature comparison measured with a target temperature and adjust the energy supplied to the heating element based on the result of the comparison. The target temperature can be stored in an electronic memory and, preferably, changes with time after the device is activated, in order to provide the first, second and third phases.
[00027] Temperature measurement can be a dedicated electrical component, such as a thermistor, or it can be a circuit configured to determine the temperature based on an electrical resistance of the heating element.
[00028] The electrical circuit can also contain a means of identifying a characteristic of an aerosol-forming substrate in the device, and a memory containing a search table with energy control instructions and corresponding characteristics of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00029] In the first and second aspects of the invention, the heating element may contain a material with electrical resistance. Suitable electrically resistant materials include, but are not limited to, the following: semiconductors, such as doped ceramics, electrically conductive ceramics (such as molybdenum disilicate), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys and composite materials made of a material ceramic and metallic material. Such composite materials may comprise doped or non-doped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbides. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum, platinum, gold and silver. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, alloys containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese, gold and iron, and nickel-based superalloys, iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Timetal® and alloys based on iron, manganese and aluminum. In composite materials, the material with electrical resistance can optionally be incorporated, encapsulated or coated with an insulating material or vice versa, depending on the energy transfer kinetics and the required external physical-chemical properties.
[00030] In the first and second aspects of the invention, the aerosol generating device may contain an internal heating element or an external heating element, or both, where "internal" and "external" refer to the forming substrate of aerosol. An internal heating element can take any suitable shape. For example, an internal heating element can take the form of a heating blade. Alternatively, the internal heater can take the form of a case or substrate with different electroconductive portions, or a metal tube with electrical resistance. As another option, the internal heating element can be one or more heating needles or rods that pass through the center of the aerosol forming substrate. Other alternatives include a heating wire or filament, for example, a Ni-Cr (nickel-chromium) wire, platinum, tungsten, steel alloy or a heating plate. Optionally, the internal heating element can be placed inside or on a rigid transport material. In this embodiment, the heating element with electrical resistance can be formed using a metal that has a defined relationship between temperature and resistivity. In an example of such a device, the metal can be formed as a strip of a suitable insulating material, such as a ceramic material, and then placed between another insulating material, such as glass. Heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and to monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation.
[00031] An external heating element can take any suitable shape. For example, an external heating element can take the form of one or more flexible heating sheets on a dielectric substrate, such as polyimide. The flexible heating sheets can be shaped to fit the perimeter of the substrate receiving cavity. Alternatively, an external heating element can take the form of one or more metal grids, a flexible printed circuit board, a molded interconnect device (MID), ceramic heater, flexible carbon fiber heater, or it can be formed using a coating technique, such as plasma vapor deposition, on a suitable substrate. A heating element with electrical resistance can also be formed using a metal that has a definite relationship between temperature and resistivity. In an example of such a device, the metal can be formed as a strip between two layers of suitable insulating materials. An external heating element formed in this way can be used both to heat and to monitor the temperature of the heating element during operation.
[00032] The internal or external heating element may include a heat sink or heat reservoir containing a material capable of absorbing and storing heat and subsequently releasing heat over time to the aerosol forming substrate. The heat sink can be composed of any suitable material, such as a suitable metal or ceramic material. In one embodiment, the material has a high heat capacity (sensitive heat storage material) or is a material capable of absorbing and subsequently releasing heat through a reversible process, such as a high-phase change temperature. Suitable sensitive heat storage materials include silica gel, alumina, carbon, glass mat, fiberglass, minerals, a metal or metal alloy such as aluminum, silver or lead and a cellulose material, such as paper. Other suitable materials that release heat through a reversible phase change include paraffin, sodium acetate, naphthalene, wax, polyethylene oxide, metal, metal salt, a eutectic mixture of salts or an alloy. The heat sink or heat reservoir can be arranged so that it is directly in contact with the aerosol forming substrate and can transfer the stored heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, the heat stored in the heat sink or in the heat reservoir can be transferred to the aerosol-forming substrate by means of a heat conductor, such as a metal tube.
[00033] The heating element favorably heats the aerosol-forming substrate by means of conduction. The heating element can be at least partially in contact with the substrate or with the carrier on which the substrate is deposited. In another option, heat from an internal or external heating element can be conducted to the substrate by means of a heat conducting element.
[00034] During operation, in the first and second aspects of the invention, the aerosol forming substrate can be completely contained within the aerosol generating device. In this case, a user can puff on the mouthpiece of an aerosol generating device. Alternatively, during operation, a smoking article containing the aerosol-forming substrate may be partially contained within the aerosol generating device. In this case, the user can puff directly on the smoking article. The heating element can be positioned within a cavity in the device, the cavity being configured to receive an aerosol-forming substrate so that, during use, the heating element is within the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00035] The smoking article can be substantially cylindrical. The smoking article can be substantially elongated. The smoking article may have a length and a circumference substantially perpendicular to the length. The aerosol forming substrate can be substantially cylindrical in shape. The aerosol forming substrate can be substantially elongated. The aerosol forming substrate can also have a length and circumference substantially perpendicular to the length.
[00036] The smoking article can have a total length between about 30 mm and about 100 mm. The smoking article can have an outside diameter between about 5 mm and about 12 mm. The smoking article may contain a filter plug. The filter plug may be located at the downstream end of the smoking article. The filter plug may be cellulose acetate. In one embodiment, the filter plug is about 7 mm long, but it can be between about 5 mm and about 10 mm long.
[00037] In one embodiment, the smoking article has an overall length of approximately 45 mm. The smoking article can have an outside diameter of approximately 7.2 mm. In addition, the aerosol forming substrate may be approximately 10 mm long. Alternatively, the aerosol forming substrate can be approximately 12 mm long. Furthermore, the aerosol forming substrate can have a diameter between about 5 mm and about 12 mm. The smoking article may contain an outer paper wrapper. In addition, the smoking article may contain a separation between the aerosol forming substrate and the filter plug. The separation can be about 18 mm, but it can be in the range of about 5 mm and about 25 mm. Preferably, the separation is filled in the smoking article by a heat exchanger that cools the aerosol as it passes through the smoking article, from the substrate to the filter plug. The heat exchanger can be, for example, a polymer-based filter, such as a corrugated polylactic plastic material (PLA).
[00038] In the first and second aspects of the invention, the aerosol forming substrate can be a solid aerosol forming substrate. Alternatively, the aerosol forming substrate can contain both solid and liquid components. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a tobacco-containing material, containing volatile tobacco flavor compounds, which are released from the substrate upon heating. Alternatively, the aerosol-forming substrate may contain a non-tobacco material. The aerosol-forming substrate may further contain an aerosol former. Examples of suitable aerosol builders are glycerin and propylene glycol.
[00039] If the aerosol-forming substrate is in a solid state, it may contain, for example, one or more of the following items: powder, granules, pellets, pieces, spaghetti, strips or leaves containing one or more of the following items: herb leaf, tobacco leaf, tobacco twig fragments, reconstituted tobacco, homogenized tobacco, extruded tobacco, reconstituted leaf tobacco (cast leaf) and expanded tobacco. The solid aerosol forming substrate can be in loose form or can be supplied in a suitable container or cartridge. Optionally, the solid aerosol-forming substrate may contain additional volatile flavoring compounds from tobacco or non-tobacco derivatives, to be released upon heating of the substrate. The solid aerosol-forming substrate may also contain capsules which, for example, include the additional volatile tobacco flavoring compounds or non-tobacco derivatives, and such capsules may melt while heating the solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[00040] As used here, homogenized tobacco refers to the material formed by the particulate tobacco agglomerate. The homogenized tobacco can be in the form of a leaf. The homogenized tobacco material can have an aerosol-forming content of more than 5% by dry weight. Alternatively, the homogenized tobacco material can have an aerosol-forming content of between 5% and 30% dry weight. The sheets of homogenized tobacco material can be formed by a cluster of tobacco particles obtained by grinding, or other form of crushing, of the blades and stems of the tobacco leaf. As an alternative, or in addition to the aforementioned, the leaves of the homogenized tobacco material may contain tobacco powders, tobacco residues and other particulate tobacco by-products formed during, for example, the treatment, handling and shipping of the tobacco. Leaves of homogenized tobacco material can contain one or more intrinsic binders, that is, endogenous tobacco binders, one or more extrinsic binders, that is, exogenous tobacco binders, or a combination of them, in order to help agglomerate the particles of tobacco; as an alternative, or in addition to the items mentioned, sheets of homogenized tobacco material may contain other additives including, but not limited to, fibers and tobacco and non-tobacco, aerosol builders, humectants, plasticizers, flavorings, fillers, aqueous and non-aqueous solvents and combinations of these.
[00041] Optionally, the solid aerosol forming substrate can be supplied or incorporated into a thermally stable carrier. The carrier can take the form of powder, granules, pellets, pieces, spaghetti, strips or leaves. Alternatively, the carrier can be tubular and contain a thin layer of the solid substrate deposited on its inner surface and / or on its outer surface. Such a tubular carrier can be formed, for example, of paper, or paper-like material, a non-woven carbon fiber blanket, a low-mass open-mesh wire mesh, a perforated metal sheet or any other thermally polymeric matrix stable.
[00042] The solid aerosol forming substrate can be deposited on the surface of the carrier in the form of, for example, a sheet, foam, gel or paste. The solid aerosol-forming substrate can be deposited over the entire surface of the carrier, or alternatively, it can be deposited in a structure, in order to provide a non-uniform flavor release during use.
[00043] Although reference has been made to solid aerosol forming substrates earlier in this disclosure, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that other forms of aerosol forming substrate can be used with other embodiments. For example, the aerosol forming substrate may be a liquid aerosol forming substrate. If a liquid aerosol forming substrate is provided, preferably, the aerosol generating device contains means for retaining the liquid. For example, the liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be retained in a container. Alternatively, or in addition, the liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be absorbed into a porous carrier material. The porous carrier material can be made of any suitable absorbent body or pad, for example, a metal foam or plastic foam material, polypropylene, terylene, nylon or ceramic fibers. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be retained in the porous carrier material prior to use of the aerosol-generating device or, alternatively, the material of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be released into the porous carrier material during or immediately before the use. For example, the liquid aerosol forming substrate can be supplied in a capsule. The capsule shell preferably melts upon heating releasing the liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule can optionally contain a solid in combination with the liquid.
[00044] Alternatively, the carrier may be a bundle of non-woven fabric or fibers in which tobacco components have been incorporated. The non-woven or fiber bundle may contain, for example, carbon fibers, natural cellulose fibers or fibers derived from cellulose.
[00045] In the first and second aspects of the invention, the aerosol generating device may further contain an energy source for supplying energy to the heating element. The power source can be any suitable power source, for example, a DC voltage source. In one embodiment, the power source is a lithium-ion battery. Alternatively, the energy source can be a nickel-metal hydride battery, a nickel-cadmium battery or a lithium-based battery, for example, lithium-cobalt, lithium-iron-phosphate, lithium titanate or a polymer battery of lithium.
[00046] In a third aspect of the invention, an electrical circuit for an electrically driven aerosol generating device is presented, arranged in a way that allows the realization of the method of the first aspect of the invention.
[00047] In a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer program is presented which, when executed on programmable electrical circuits for an electrically driven aerosol generating device, causes programmable electrical circuits to perform a method of the first aspect of the invention. In a fifth aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium with a stored computer program is presented, according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
[00048] Although the present disclosure has been described by reference to different aspects, it must be made clear that the characteristics described in relation to one aspect of the present disclosure can be applied to the other aspects of the present disclosure.
[00049] Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[00050] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an electrically heated smoking device according to the invention;
[00051] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section of the front of a first embodiment of a device of the type shown in Figure 1;
[00052] Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a linear temperature profile for a heating element;
[00053] Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of the reduction of aerosol delivery with a linear temperature profile;
[00054] Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a temperature profile for a heating element, according to an embodiment of the invention;
[00055] Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a constant delivery of aerosol, according to an embodiment of the invention;
[00056] Figure 7 illustrates the control circuits used to provide the temperature regulation of a heating element, according to an embodiment of the invention; and
[00057] Figure 8 illustrates some alternative target temperature profiles, according to the present invention.
[00058] In Figure 1, the components of an embodiment of an electrically heated aerosol generating device 100 are shown in a simplified manner. Specifically, the elements of the electrically heated aerosol generating device 100 are not drawn to scale in Figure 1. Elements that are not relevant to understanding this embodiment have been omitted to simplify Figure 1.
[00059] The electrically heated aerosol generating device 100 is formed by a housing 10 and an aerosol forming substrate 12, for example a cigarette. The aerosol-forming substrate 12 is pushed into the housing 10 to be in thermal proximity to the heating element 14. The aerosol-forming substrate 12 will release a variety of volatile compounds at different temperatures. By controlling the operating temperature of the electrically heated aerosol generating device 100 to be below the release temperature of some of the volatile compounds, the release or formation of these compounds from the smoke can be prevented.
[00060] Inside the housing 10 there is an electrical power source 16, for example, a rechargeable lithium ion battery. A controller 18 is connected to the heating element 14, the electrical power source 16 and a user interface 20, for example, a button or display. The controller 18 controls the energy supplied to the heating element 14 in order to regulate its temperature. Generally, the aerosol forming substrate is heated to a temperature between 250 and 450 degrees centigrade.
[00061] In the described embodiment, the heating element 14 is a strip, or strips, with electrical resistance deposited on a ceramic substrate. The ceramic substrate is in the form of a blade and is inserted into the aerosol forming substrate 12 in use. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the front of the device and illustrates the flow of air through the device. It is indicated that Figure 2 does not accurately represent the relative scale of the device elements. A smoking article 102, including an aerosol forming substrate 12, is received in cavity 22 of the device 100. Air is drawn into the device by the action of a user by sucking a nozzle 24 of the smoking article 102. The air is suctioned through the air inlets 26 formed on a proximal face of the housing 10. The air sucked in the device passes through an air channel 28 that surrounds the outside of the cavity 22. The suctioned air enters the aerosol-forming substrate 12 at the distal end of the smoking article 102 adjacent to the proximal end of a blade-shaped heating element 14 provided in the cavity 22. The suctioned air passes through the aerosol-forming substrate 12, entering the aerosol, and then immediately at the mouth end of the smoking article 102. The aerosol forming substrate 12 is a cylindrical plug of tobacco-based material.
[00062] Current aerosol generating devices are configured to provide a constant temperature during operation, as shown in Figure 3. After activation of the device, energy is supplied to the heating element until a target temperature 50 is reached. After target temperature 50 is reached, the heating element is maintained at that temperature until the device is deactivated. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of delivery of a fundamental aerosol component using a linear temperature profile, as shown in Figure 3. Line 52 represents the amount of the fundamental aerosol component, such as glycerol or nicotine, that is being delivered during device activation. It is possible to see that the component supply reaches a peak and then drops with time, as the substrate decreases and the effects of thermodiffusion weaken.
[00063] Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a temperature profile for a heating element, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Line 60 represents the temperature of the heating element over time.
[00064] In a first stage 70, the temperature of the heating element is raised from an ambient temperature to a first temperature 62. Temperature 62 is within an allowed temperature range, between a minimum temperature 66 and a maximum temperature 68. The permissible temperature change is defined so that the desired volatile compounds are vaporized from the substrate, but the unwanted components, vaporized at higher temperatures, are not vaporized. The permissible temperature range is also below the temperature at which the substrate is combusted under normal condition operations, that is, temperature, pressure, humidity, user puff behavior and air composition.
[00065] In a second phase 72, the temperature of the heating element is reduced to a second temperature 64. The second temperature 64 is within the permissible temperature range, but is lower than the first temperature.
[00066] In a third phase 74, the temperature of the heating element increases progressively until a moment of deactivation 76. The temperature of the heating element remains within the permitted range throughout the third phase.
[00067] Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the delivery profile of a fundamental aerosol component, with the linear temperature profile of the heating element, as shown in Figure 5. After an initial increase in supply, after activation of the element heating, the supply remains constant until the heating element is deactivated. The increase in temperature in the third phase compensates for the depletion of the substrate aerosol former.
[00068] Figure 7 illustrates the control circuits used to provide the temperature profile described in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[00069] The heater 14 is connected to the battery via connection 42. The battery (not shown in Figure 7) provides a voltage V2. In series with the heating element 14, an additional resistor 44, with known resistance r, is inserted and connected to an intermediate voltage V1 between earth and voltage V2. The frequency modulation of the current is controlled by microcontroller 18 and delivered via its analog output 47 to transistor 46, which acts as a simple switch.
[00070] The regulation is based on a PID regulator, which is part of the software integrated in the microcontroller 18. The temperature (or an indication of the temperature) of the heating element is determined by measuring the electrical resistance of the heating element. The determined temperature is used to adjust the duty cycle, in this case, the frequency modulation, of the pulses of the current supplied to the heating element, in order to keep the heating element at a target temperature or to adjust the temperature of the heating element. heating towards a target temperature. The temperature is determined at a frequency chosen to coincide with the duty cycle control and can be determined once every 100 ms.
[00071] Analog input 48 of microcontroller 18 is used to receive the voltage across resistor 44 and provides the image of the electric current flowing in the heating element. The battery voltage V + and the voltage across resistor 44 are used to calculate the change in resistance of the heating element and / or its temperature.
[00072] The resistance of the heater to be measured at a certain temperature is Heater. For the microprocessor 18 to measure the Heater resistance of the heater 14, both the current through the heater 14 and the voltage through the heater 14 can be determined. Then, the following formula already known can be used to determine the resistance:

[00073] In Figure 6, the voltage across the heater is V2-V1 and the current across the heater is I. Thus:

[00074] Additional resistor 44, whose resistance r is known, is used to determine current I, again using (1) mentioned above. The current through resistor 44 is I, and the voltage across resistor 24 is V1. So:

[00075] Therefore, combining (2) and (3) gives:

[00076] In this way, microprocessor 18 can measure V2 and V1, since the aerosol generating system is being used and, knowing the value of r, it is possible to determine the resistance of the heater at a certain temperature, Raquisor.
[00077] The resistance of the heater is correlated with the temperature. A linear approximation can be used to relate the temperature T to the measured resistance Raquisor at temperature T according to the following formula:
where A is the thermal resistivity coefficient of the heating element material, and R0 is the heating element resistance at room temperature T0.
[00078] Other, more complex methods for approximating the relationship between resistance and temperature can be used if a simple linear approximation is not sufficiently accurate over the operating temperature range. For example, in another embodiment, a relationship can be derived based on a combination of two or more linear approximations, each covering a different temperature range. This scheme is based on three or more temperature calibration points on which the resistance of the heater is measured. For temperatures to intermediate the calibration points, the resistance values are interpolated based on the values of the calibration points. The calibration point temperatures are chosen to cover the expected temperature range of the heater during operation.
[00079] An advantage of these embodiments is that no temperature sensor is required, which can be bulky and expensive. In addition, the resistance value can be used directly by the PID regulator instead of the temperature. The resistance value is directly correlated to the temperature of the heating element, described in equation (5). Thus, if the resistance value measured is within a desired range, the same will happen with the temperature of the heating element. In this way, the actual temperature of the heating element does not need to be calculated. However, it is possible to use a separate temperature sensor and connect it to the microcontroller to provide the necessary temperature information.
[00080] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a target temperature profile, in which the three phases of the operation can be seen clearly. In a first phase 70, the target temperature is set at T0. The heating element receives energy in order to increase the temperature of the heating element to T0 as soon as possible. As described, a PID regulator is used to keep the temperature of the heating element as close as possible to the target temperature throughout the operation of the device. At time t1 the target temperature is changed to T1, which means that the first phase 70 is closed and the second phase begins. The target temperature is maintained at T1 until time t2. At time t2 the second phase is ended and the third phase 74 begins. During the third phase 74, the target temperature increases linearly, along with the increase in time until time t3, in which the target temperature is T2 and energy is no longer supplied to the heating element.
[00081] A target temperature profile as shown in Figure 8 gives rise to a real temperature profile as shown in Figure 5. The values of T0, T1, T2 can be adjusted to suit specific substrates and a device, heating element and specific substrate geometries. In the same way, the values of t1, t2 and t3 can be selected according to the circumstances.
[00082] In one example, the first phase lasts 45 seconds and the T0 is set to 360 ° C, the second phase lasts 145 seconds and the T1 is 320 ° C, and the third phase lasts 170 seconds and the T3 is 380 ° C. The smoking experience lasts a total of 360 seconds.
[00083] In another example, the first phase lasts 60 seconds and the T0 is set at 340 ° C, the second phase lasts 180 seconds and the T1 is 320 ° C, and the third phase lasts 120 seconds and the T3 is 360 ° C. Again, the warm-up cycle or the smoking experience lasts a total of 360 seconds.
[00084] In yet another example, the first phase lasts 30 seconds and the T0 is set at 380 ° C, the second phase lasts 110 seconds and the T1 is 300 ° C, and the third phase lasts 220 seconds and the T3 is 340 ° C.
[00085] The desired duration and temperature for each phase of the operation are stored in memory inside controller 18. This information can be part of the software executed by the microcontroller. However, they can be stored in a lookup table, so that different profiles can be selected by the microcontroller. The consumer can select different profiles through the user interface, based on the user's preference or the specific substrate being heated. The device may include means for identifying the substrate, such as an optical reader, and a heating profile selected automatically based on the identified substrate.
[00086] In another embodiment, only target temperatures T0, T1 and T2 are stored in memory, and the transition between phases is triggered by puff counts. For example, the microcontroller can receive puff count data from a flow sensor and can be configured to end the first phase after two puffs, and end the second phase after five more puffs.
[00087] Each of the embodiments described above results in a more uniform delivery of the aerosol during the heating of the substrate when compared to a linear heating profile, as illustrated in Figure 3. The ideal heating profile depends on several factors and can be determined experimentally for a certain device and geometry and composition of the substrate. For example, the device may include more than one heating element, and the arrangement of the heating elements will influence the depletion of the substrate and the effects of thermal diffusion. Each heating element can be controlled to have a different heating profile. The shape and size of the substrate in relation to the heating element can also be a significant factor.
[00088] It should be clear that the examples of embodiments described above exemplify, but are not limiting. Considering the examples of embodiments discussed above, other embodiments consistent with the examples of embodiments mentioned above will now be apparent to one skilled in the art.

权利要求:
Claims (19)
[0001]
1. Electrically driven aerosol generating device, the device comprising: at least one heating element (14) configured to heat an aerosol forming substrate (12) in order to generate an aerosol; a power supply (16) for supplying energy to the heating element; and an electrical circuit (18) for controlling the energy supply of the energy source for the at least one heating element, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit is arranged in order to: control the energy supplied to the heating element, according to so that in a first phase the temperature of the heating element increases from an initial temperature to a first temperature, in a second phase, the temperature of the heating element decreases to a temperature below the first temperature, and in a third phase, the temperature heating element increase again, where energy is supplied continuously during the first, second and third phases.
[0002]
2. Electrically powered aerosol generating device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (18) is configured in such a way that at least one of the first, second and third phases has a fixed duration .
[0003]
3. Electrically powered aerosol generating device, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that it also comprises means of detecting the user's puffs on the aerosol generating device, in which the electrical circuit (18) is configured in such a way that at least one of the first, second or third phases be completed after detecting a predetermined number of puffs by the user.
[0004]
4. Electrically driven aerosol generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that it still comprises a means of identifying a characteristic of an aerosol forming substrate in the device, and in which the electrical circuit (18) includes a memory containing a lookup table with energy control instructions and corresponding characteristics of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0005]
5. Electrically driven aerosol generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the heating element is positioned within a cavity (22) in the device, and in which the cavity is configured to receiving an aerosol-forming substrate (12), so that the heating element (14), when used, is within the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0006]
6. Electrically driven aerosol generating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the aerosol-forming substrate (12) is a solid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0007]
7. Method of controlling aerosol production in an aerosol generating device as defined in any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that it comprises the steps of: controlling the energy supplied to the heating element, so that in a first phase the energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element increases from an initial temperature to a first temperature, in a second phase, the energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element decreases to a lower temperature at the first temperature, and in a third phase, the energy is supplied in such a way that the temperature of the heating element increases again.
[0008]
8. Aerosol production control method, according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the step of controlling the energy supplied to the heating element (14) is carried out in order to maintain the temperature of the heating element within the desirable temperature range in the second and third phases.
[0009]
9. Aerosol production control method, according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the desired temperature range has a lower limit between 240 and 340 degrees centigrade and an upper limit between 340 and 400 degrees centigrade.
[0010]
10. Method of controlling aerosol production according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized by the fact that the first temperature is between 340 and 400 degrees centigrade.
[0011]
11. Method of controlling aerosol production according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the first phase, the second phase or the third phase have a predetermined duration.
[0012]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the first phase is completed when the heating element (14) reaches the first temperature.
[0013]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the duration of the second phase is determined based on the total amount of energy supplied to the heating element (14) during the second phase.
[0014]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterized by the fact that it still comprises the detection of the user's puffs on the aerosol generating device and in which the first, second or third phase is completed after the detection of a predetermined number of user puffs.
[0015]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that it also comprises the step of identifying a characteristic of the aerosol-forming substrate, and in which the energy control step is adjusted according to the characteristic identified.
[0016]
16. Method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, characterized in that the first, second and third temperatures are sufficient for aerosol to be produced continuously during the first, second and third phases.
[0017]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that the aerosol-forming substrate (12), or a part of the aerosol-forming substrate, is continuously heated to generate aerosol over a period of more than five seconds.
[0018]
Method according to any one of claims 7 to 17, characterized in that in the third stage the temperature of the heating element (14) is continuously increased.
[0019]
19. An aerosol generating system, comprising an electrically driven aerosol generating device as defined in any of claims 1 to 6 and a smoke article, characterized by the fact that the aerosol forming substrate (12) is contained in the smoking article and in which, in use, the smoking article is partially contained within the aerosol generating article.

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MX361782B|2018-12-17|

ZA201501221B|2016-01-27|

KR102276054B1|2021-07-14|

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BR112015012765A2|2017-07-11|

CA2886394C|2020-10-27|

KR20150097820A|2015-08-26|

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法律状态:
2018-11-21| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-10-08| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-07-07| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2020-10-27| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2021-01-05| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/12/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

EP12199708.4|2012-12-28|

EP12199708|2012-12-28|

PCT/EP2013/076967|WO2014102091A1|2012-12-28|2013-12-17|Heated aerosol-generating device and method for generating aerosol with consistent properties|

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